Steps Toward an Explicit Ontology of the Future
نویسنده
چکیده
During the past fifty years, futures studies have assumed an increasingly explicit professional nature. Practices have become more tailored to the needs of customers and methods have become more robust. On the other hand, theories able to support and guide practice have remained somewhat underdeveloped, as shown by the finding that most practitioners still adhere to the distinction between facta and futura drawn by Bertrand de Jouvenel in the 1960s (de Jouvenel, 1967). While the difference between facta and futura has the merit of signaling a clearly perceivable difference, we shall see that it is seriously problematic. The issue is not only that the facta/futura dichotomy is too primitive a distinction to provide a basis for the field of futures studies, but also that it wrongly suggests that the future is only a matter of mental habits, be these positive expectations or fears. Wendell Bell's subsequent articulation of the facta/futura distinction adds 'dispositions' to futura (Bell, 2003). Dispositions are situations that may become actual if properly activated. With the introduction of dispositions, futura are no longer confined to cognitive, mental and emotional attitudes, they also become a problem of reality. Futura are thus split between futura connected to expectations, images, hopes and fears – in short, cognitive aspects – and other futura conAbstract
منابع مشابه
روششناسی ساخت و طراحی هستینگاشتها:مورد پژوهی حوزه علمسنجی
Ontology is a useful tool for organizing resources and on the other hand is a useful tool for the knowledge representation. With the development of Semantic Web technologies, build and create ontologies to expedite the process, it is necessary. The aim of study is explaining the situation methodology, designing scientometrics conceptual model, and steps of its ontology construction as Scientome...
متن کاملPublic Transport Ontology for Passenger Information Retrieval
Passenger information aims at improving the user-friendliness of public transport systems while influencing passenger route choices to satisfy transit user’s travel requirements. The integration of transit information from multiple agencies is a major challenge in implementation of multi-modal passenger information systems. The problem of information sharing is further compounded by the multi-l...
متن کاملFuturology of IR and the Realization of the New Religious Civilization with an Emphasis on Ayatollah Khamenei`s Thought
After Explaining the why and the how for the appearance of a revolution, one of the most important and considerable issues of every revolution is about its future and outlook. Research on the future developments of revolutions is considered as one of the most widely used topics in the field of politics and theorization of revolutions. The present study, therefore, seeks to study the question: h...
متن کاملRoots and Components of Secularism and Tendency toward Religion in International Relations
This article studies the relation between religion as an independent variable and international relations as dependent variable in both theoretic and practical arenas. In this framework, new wave of tendency toward religion plays the role of dependent variable in international relations. Waves of tendency toward religion from practical viewpoint consider the current state in international relat...
متن کاملEndophytes: Toward a Vision in Synthesis of Nanoparticle for Future Therapeutic Agents
The development of reliable processes for the synthesis of Nanoparticles is an important aspect of nanotechnology. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles could have innumerable applications in different areas such as reception, catalyzers, biolabellers, etc. In the present review, we emphasize the richness of the microbial world which encompasses a plethora of endophytic entities as an emerging...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011